ADJARIAN EMBROIDERY AND BLUE TABLECLOTH MAKING TECHNOLOGY AS MONUMENTS OF INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE OF GEORGIA

Abstract

The UNESCO Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage defines intangible cultural heritage as “practices, representations, expressions, knowledge, skills – as well as the instruments, objects, artefacts and cultural spaces associated therewith – that communities, groups and, in some cases, individuals recognize as part of their cultural heritage.” This heritage, passed down through generations, evolves as communities respond to their environment, interact with nature, and process their history, fostering identity, continuity, and respect for cultural diversity. This article examines two distinct examples of Georgian intangible cultural heritage in craftsmanship: Adjarian embroidery and the “blue tablecloth.” Adjarian embroidery represents traditional knowledge and skills within craftwork. In contrast, the revived “blue tablecloth” maintains historical forms and appearances while employing modern manufacturing technologies. The study explores the history of Adjarian embroidery, international perspectives, and the manufacturing techniques of the “blue tablecloth” within the framework of intangible cultural heritage. These two cases demonstrate divergent paths of cultural preservation. The highland Adjarian women’s embroidery art has persisted into the 21st century without technological modification, reflecting both passionate dedication to the craft and commitment to preserving traditional techniques. Conversely, the “blue tablecloth,” originating in the late Middle Ages before being disrupted by historical circumstances, exemplifies successful innovation. Its revival through modern technologies based on ancient traditions has proven commercially viable while maintaining cultural significance.