Ἡ ΠΕΡῚ ἙΝῸΣ ΘΕΟῦ ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΊΑ ΚΑΤᾺ ΤῸ ΔΌΓΜΑ ΤῆΣ ἘΝ ΝΙΚΑΊᾼ Α΄ ΟἸΚΟΥΜΕΝΙΚῆΣ ΣΥΝΌΔΟΥ ἈΠῸ ΤῸΝ ἍΓΙΟ ΓΕΝΝΆΔΙΟ ΣΧΟΛΆΡΙΟ, ΣΤῸ ΠΛΑΊΣΙΟ ΤΟῦ DĀR AL-TAWHĪD.ΣΥΜΒΟΛῊ ΣΤῊ ΘΕΟΛΟΓΊΑ ΤΟῦ ἸΣΛΑΜΟΧΡΙΣΤΙΑΝΙΚΟῦ ΔΙΑΛΌΓΟΥ

Abstract

This paper examines the approach of Gennadios Scholarios, Patriarch of Constantinople, to the doctrine of the one God—a dogma articulated by the First Ecumenical Council at Nicaea in 325 AD. Despite the apparent contradiction between monotheism and Trinitarianism from an Islamic perspective, Scholarios sought to develop a theological dialogue with Islam, striving to explain the unique doctrinal position of the Church, which had become a vassal community under Sultan and Caliph Mehmed II (1432–1481), the Conqueror. The study focuses on this first official attempt at theological engagement between Christianity and Islam, highlighting Scholarios’s effort to present his positions without the polemical tone that often marked earlier exchanges. It underscores the need for a more constructive and mutually attentive theological approach to dialogue between the two religions. Finally, it examines Scholarios’s role as a mediator between the Orthodox Church and Islam, and his attempt to foster a dialogue essential for understanding and bridging their theological differences.